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Publications

Below is a list of all CanTest publications that acknowledge the support of Cancer Research UK

       2022

  1. Barlow M, Down L, Mounce LTA, Merriel SWD, Watson J, Martins T, Bailey SER. Ethnic differences in prostate-specific antigen levels in men without prostate cancer: a systematic review. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2022 Dec 1. doi: 10.1038/s41391-022-00613-7
  2. Meyer AND, Singh H, Zimolzak AJ, Wei L, Choi DT, Marinez AD, Murphy DR. Cancer Evaluations During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Observational Study Using National Veterans Affairs Data,
    American Journal of Preventive Medicine 2022, Vol 63 Issue 6, doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2022.07.004
  3. Meyer AND, Scott TMT, Singh H. Adherence to National Guidelines for Timeliness of Test Results Communication to Patients in the Veterans Affairs Health Care System. JAMA Network Open. 2022;5(4):e228568. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.8568
  4. Jones D, Di Martino E, Bradley SH, Essang B, Hemphill S, Wright JM, Renzi C, Surr C, Clegg A, Neal R. Factors influencing symptom appraisal and help-seeking of older adults with possible cancer: a mixed-methods systematic review. British Journal of General Practice 2022; 72 (723): e702-e712. doi: 10.3399/BJGP.2021.0655
  5. Smith AF, Frempong SN, Sharma N, Neal RD, Hick L, Shinkins B. An exploratory assessment of the impact of a novel risk assessment test on breast cancer clinic waiting times and workflow: a discrete event simulation model. BMC Health Serv Res 22, 1301 (2022). doi: 10.1186/s12913-022-08665-0
  6. Briggs E, de Kamps M, Hamilton W, Johnson O, McInerney CD, Neal RD. Machine Learning for Risk Prediction of Oesophago-Gastric Cancer in Primary Care: Comparison with Existing Risk-Assessment Tools. Cancers 2022; 14(20):5023. doi: 10.3390/cancers14205023
  7. Zigman Suchsland M, Kowalski L, Burkhardt HA, Prado MG, Kessler LG, Yetisgen M, Au MA, Stephens KA, Farjah F, Schleyer AM, Walter FM, Neal RD, Lybarger K, Thompson CA, Achkar MA, Sarma EA, Turner G, Thompson M. How Timely Is Diagnosis of Lung Cancer? Cohort Study of Individuals with Lung Cancer Presenting in Ambulatory Care in the United States. Cancers 2022; 14(23):5756. doi: 10.3390/cancers14235756
  8. Rafiq M, Abel G, Renzi C, Lyratzopoulos G. Steroid prescribing in primary care increases prior to Hodgkin lymphoma diagnosis: A UK nationwide case-control study. Cancer Epidemiology 2022, Vol 81, 102284. doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2022.102284
  9. Watson J, Salisbury C, Whiting PF, Hamilton WT, Jonathan Banks. ‘I guess I’ll wait to hear’— communication of blood test results in primary care a qualitative study. British Journal of General Practice 2022; 72 (723): e747-e754. doi: 10.3399/BJGP.2022.0069
  10. Watson J, Whiting PF, Salisbury C, Hamilton WT, Banks J. Blood tests in primary care: A qualitative study of communication and decision-making between doctors and patients. Health Expectations Jul 2022. doi: 10.1111/hex.13564
  11. Nicholson BD, Lyratzopoulos G. Progress and priorities in reducing the time to cancer diagnosis. Br J Cancer 2022. doi: 10.1038/s41416-022-02045-5
  12. Black GB, van Os S, Renzi C, Walter FM, Hamilton W, Whitaker KL. How does safety netting for lung cancer symptoms help patients to reconsult appropriately? A qualitative study. BMC Prim. Care 23, 179 2022. doi: 10.1186/s12875-022-01791-y
  13. O’Dowd EL, ten Haaf K, Kaur J, Duffy SW, Hamilton W, Hubbard RB, Field JK, Callister MEJ, Janes SM, de Koning HJ, Rawlinson J, Baldwin DR. Selection of eligible participants for screening for lung cancer using primary care data. Thorax 2022; 77:882-890. doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217142
  14. Singh H, DeBakey ME, Mushtaq U, Marinez A, Shahid U, Huebner J, McGaffigan P, Upadhyay DK. Developing the Safer Dx Checklist of Ten Safety Recommendations for Health Care Organizations to Address Diagnostic Errors. The Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient Safety, Nov 2022. doi: 10.1016/j.jcjq.2022.08.003
  15. Calanzani N, Pannebakker MM, Tagg MJ, Walford H, Holloway P, de Wit N, Hamilton W, Walter FM. Who are the patients being offered the faecal immunochemical test in routine English general practice, and for what symptoms? A prospective descriptive study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e066051. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066051
  16. Green HD, Merriel SWD, Oram RA, Ruth KS, Tyrrell J, Jones SE, Thirlwell C, Weedon MN, Bailey SER. Applying a genetic risk score for prostate cancer to men with lower urinary tract symptoms in primary care to predict prostate cancer diagnosis: a cohort study in the UK Biobank. Br J Cancer 127, 1534–1539 (2022). doi: 10.1038/s41416-022-01918-z
  17. Savage R, Messenger M, Neal RD, Ferguson R, Johnston C, Lloyd KL, Neal MD, Sansom N, Selby P, Sharma N, Shinkins B, Skinner JR, Tully G, Duffy S, Hall G. Development and validation of multivariable machine learning algorithms to predict risk of cancer in symptomatic patients referred urgently from primary care: a diagnostic accuracy study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e053590. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053590
  18. Martins T, Abel G, Ukoumunne OC, Price S, Lyratzopoulos G, Chinegwundoh F, Hamilton W. Assessing Ethnic Inequalities in Diagnostic Interval of Common Cancers: A Population-Based UK Cohort Study. Cancers 2022; 14(13):3085. doi: 10.3390/cancers14133085
  19. Merriel SWD, Archer S, Forster AS, Eldred-Evans D, McGrath J, Ahmed HU, Hamilton W, Walter FM. Experiences of ‘traditional’ and ‘one-stop’ MRI-based prostate cancer diagnostic pathways in England: a qualitative study with patients and GPs. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e054045. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054045
  20. Price S, Landa P, Mujica-Mota R, Hamilton W, Spencer A. Revising the Suspected-Cancer Guidelines: Impacts on Patients’ Primary Care Contacts and Costs. Value in Health, Aug 2022. doi: 10.1016/j.jval.2022.06.017
  21. White B, Renzi C, Barclay M, Lyratzopoulos G. Underlying cancer risk among patients with fatigue and other vague symptoms in primary care: a population-based cohort study. British Journal of General Practice 31 Oc 2022. doi: 10.3399/BJGP.2022.0371
  22. Benitez Majano S, Lyratzopoulos G, de Wit NJ, White B, Rachet B, Helsper C, Usher-Smith J, Renzi C. Mental Health Morbidities and Time to Cancer Diagnosis Among Adults With Colon Cancer in England. JAMA Network Open 2022; 5(10):e2238569. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.38569
  23. Cranfield B, Koo MM, Abel GA, Swann R, McPhail S, Rubin G, Lyratzopoulos G. Primary care blood tests before cancer diagnosis: National Cancer Diagnosis Audit data. British Journal of General Practice 2022; BJGP.2022.0265. doi: 10.3399/BJGP.2022.0265
  24. Savoy A, Patel H, Shahid U, Offner AD, Singh H, Giardina TD, Meyer AND. Electronic Co-design (ECO-design) Workshop for Increasing Clinician Participation in the Design of Health Services Interventions: Participatory Design Approach. JMIR Hum Factors 2022;9(3):e37313 doi: 10.2196/37313
  25. Smith L, Carmichael J, Cook G, Shinkins B, Neal RD. Diagnosing myeloma in general practice: how might earlier diagnosis be achieved? British Journal of General Practice 2022; 72 (723): 462-463. doi: 10.3399/bjgp22X720737
  26. Hall R, Medina-Lara A, Hamilton W, Spencer A. Women’s priorities towards ovarian cancer testing: a best–worst scaling study. BMJ Open 2022;12:e061625. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061625
  27. Scott, SE, Bruj, G, Beheshti, S, Evans, R, Awojobi, O. Talking about cancer: Patient responses to raising awareness of oral cancer in primary dental care. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2022; 00: 1– 9. doi: 10.1111/cdoe.12783
  28. Forster AS, Zylstra J, von Wagner C, Hirst Y, Forster M, Walshe R, Kazzaz Z, Steptoe A. The Impact of COVID-19 on Clinical Nurse Specialists and Patients With Cancer: A Pan-Specialty Cross-sectional Survey. Clinical Nurse Specialist: 9/10 2022 – Volume 36 – Issue 5 – p 272-277 doi: 10.1097/NUR.0000000000000691
  29. Danckert B, Christensen NL, Falborg AZ, Frederiksen H, Lyratzopoulos G, McPhail S, Pedersen AF, Ryg J, Thomsen LA, Vedsted P, Jensen H. Assessing how routes to diagnosis vary by the age of patients with cancer: a nationwide register-based cohort study in Denmark. BMC Cancer 22, 906 (2022). doi: 10.1186/s12885-022-09937-y
  30. Sittig DF, Sherman JD, Eckelman MJ, Draper A, Singh H. i-CLIMATE: a “clinical climate informatics” action framework to reduce environmental pollution from healthcare, Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 2022; ocac137. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocac137
  31. Venning B, Saya S, De Abreu Lourenco R, Street DJ, Emery JD. Preferences for a polygenic test to estimate cancer risk in a general Australian population, 10 Aug 2022, Genetics in Medicine. doi: 10.1016/j.gim.2022.07.011
  32. Boennelykke A, Jensen H, Østgård LSG, Falborg AZ, Hansen AT, Christensen KS, Vedsted P. Cancer risk in persons with new-onset anaemia: a population-based cohort study in Denmark. BMC Cancer, 805. doi: 10.1186/s12885-022-09912-7
  33. Vermond D, de Groot E, Sills VA, Lyratzopoulos G, Walter FM, de Wit NJ, Rubin G. The evolution and co-evolution of a primary care cancer research network: From academic social connection to research collaboration. PLoS ONE 17(7): e0272255. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272255
  34. Chima S, Martinez-Gutierrez J, Hunter B, Manski-Nankervis J, Emery J. Optimization of a Quality Improvement Tool for Cancer Diagnosis in Primary Care: Qualitative Study. JMIR Form Res 2022;6(8):e39277. doi: 10.2196/39277
  35. Bradley SH, Funston G, Jones D, Watson J. Diagnosing prostate cancer in asymptomatic patients. BMJ; 377 :e071076 doi: 10.1136/bmj-2022-071076
  36. Bradley SH, Funston G, Jones D, Watson J. Authors’ reply to Booth and colleagues (re the above editorial). BMJ; 378. doi: 10.1136/bmj.o1719
  37. Zimolzak AJ, Singh H, Murphy DR, Wei L, Memon SA, Upadhyay DK, Korukonda S, Zubkoff L, Sittig DF. Translating electronic health record-based patient safety algorithms from research to clinical practice at multiple sites. BMJ Health & Care Informatics 2022;29:e100565. doi: 10.1136/bmjhci-2022-100565
  38. Sarma EA, Walter FM, Kobrin SC. Achieving Diagnostic Excellence for Cancer: Symptom Detection as a Partner to Screening. JAMA 2022;328(6):525–526. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.11744
  39. Bradley SH, Bhartia BS, Kennedy MP, Frank LK, Watson J. Investigating suspected lung cancer. BMJ; 378 :e068384. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2021-068384
  40. Sarma EA, Thompson MJ, Bowles EJA, Burnett-Hartman AN, Hubbard RA, Yu O. Patient and tumour characteristics of screening-age adults diagnosed with screen-detected versus symptomatic colon cancer. Colorectal Dis. 2022; 00: 1– 8. doi: 10.1111/codi.16232
  41. Bradley SH, Hemphill S, Markham S, Sivakumar S. Healthcare systems must get fair value for their data. BMJ; 377 :e070876. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2022-070876
  42. Rafiq M, Abel G, Renzi C, Lyratzopoulos G. Inflammatory marker testing in primary care in the year before Hodgkin lymphoma diagnosis: a UK population-based case–control study in patients aged ≤50 years. British Journal of General Practice; 72 (721): e546-e555. doi: 10.3399/BJGP.2021.0617
  43. Funston G, Crosbie EJ, Hamilton W, Walter FM. Detecting ovarian cancer in primary care: can we do better? British Journal of General Practice; 72 (720): 312-313. doi: 10.3399/bjgp22X719825
  44. Wood A, Emery JD, Jenkins M, Chondros P, Campbell T, Wenkart E, O’Reilly C, Cowie T, Dixon I, Toner J, Khalajzadeh H, Gutierrez JM, Govan L, Buckle G, McIntosh JG. The SMARTscreen Trial: a randomised controlled trial investigating the efficacy of a GP-endorsed narrative SMS to increase participation in the Australian National Bowel Cancer Screening Program. Trials. 2022 Jan;23(1):31. doi: 10.1186/s13063-021-05877-3
  45. White B, Rafiq M, Gonzalez-Izquierdo A, Hamilton W, Price S, Lyratzopoulos G. Risk of cancer following primary care presentation with fatigue: A population-based cohort study of a quarter of a million patients. Br J Cancer (2022). doi: 10.1038/s41416-022-01733- 6
  46. Singh H, Connor DM, Dhaliwal G. Five strategies for clinicians to advance diagnostic excellence BMJ 2022; 376 :e068044. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2021-068044
  47. Price S, Gibson N, Hamilton W, King A, Shephard E. Intra-abdominal cancer risk with abdominal pain: a prospective cohort primary-care study. British Journal of General Practice. Feb 2022 .2021.0552. doi: 10.3399/BJGP.2021.0552
  48. Merriel SWD, Pocock L, Gilbert E, Creavin S, Walter FM, Spencer A, Hamilton W. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) for the detection of prostate cancer in symptomatic patients. BMC Med 20, 54 (2022). doi: 10.1186/s12916-021-02230-y
  49. Merriel SWD, Lee L, Neal R. Community diagnostic centres: Bringing diagnostics closer to home. British Journal of General Practice 2021; 71 (713): 534-535. doi: 10.3399/bjgp21X717701
  50. Merriel SWD. Lymphoma for GPs across the cancer continuum. InnovAiT. January 2022. doi: 10.1177/17557380211066121
  51. Jones D, Di Martino E, Bradley SH, Essang B, Hemphill S, Wright JM, Renzi C, Surr C, Clegg A, De Wit N, Neal R. Factors affecting the decision to investigate older adults with potential cancer symptoms: a systematic review. British Journal of General Practice 2022; 72 (714): e1-e10. doi: 10.3399/BJGP.2021.0257
  52. Hardy V, Yue A, Archer S, Merriel SWD, Thompson M, Emery J, Usher-Smith J, Walter FM. Role of primary care physician factors on diagnostic testing and referral decisions for symptoms of possible cancer: a systematic review. BMJ Open 2022;12:e053732. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053732
  53. Forster AS, Herbert A, Koo MM, Taylor RM, Gibson F, Whelan JF, Lyratzopoulos G, Fern LA. Associations between diagnostic time intervals and health-related quality of life, clinical anxiety and depression in adolescents and young adults with cancer: cross-sectional analysis of the BRIGHTLIGHT cohort. Br J Cancer (2022). doi: 10.1038/s41416-022-01698-6
  54. di Martino E, Smith L, Bradley SH, Hemphill S, Wright J, Renzi C, Bergin R, Emery J, Neal RD. Incidence trends for twelve cancers in younger adults—a rapid review. Br J Cancer (2022). doi: 10.1038/s41416-022-01704-x
  55. de Groot E, Vermond D, Sills VA, Mol SSL, Walter FM, Rubin G, DE Wit NJ. Factors determining development of researchers within a research network on cancer diagnosis in primary care (CanTest): An interview study. BMJ Open 2022;12:e046321. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046321
  56. Anthony BF, Disbeschl S, Goulden N, Hendry A, Hiscock J, Hoare Z, Lewis R, Roberts J, Rose J, Williams NH, Walker D, Neal R, Wilkinson C, Edwards RT. Improving the diagnosis of cancer in primary care: a feasibility economic analysis of the ThinkCancer! study. International Journal of Population Data Science, (2022) 7(2). doi: 10.23889/ijpds.v7i2.1736
  57. Smith S, Sansom N, Hemphill S, Bradley SH, Shinkins B, Wheatstone P, Hamilton W, Neal RD. Trends and variation in urgent referrals for suspected cancer 2009/2010–2019/2020, British Journal of General Practice 2022; 72 (714): 34-37. doi: 10.3399/bjgp22X718217
  58. Bradley SH, Barclay M, Cornwell B, Abel GA, Callister MEJ, Gomez-Cano M, Round T, Shinkins B, Neal RD. Associations between general practice characteristics and chest X-ray rate: An observational study. British Journal of General Practice 2022; 72 (714): e34-e42. doi: 10.3399/BJGP.2021.0232
  59. Holt Jessen N, Jensen H, Falbourg AZ, Glerup H, Gronbaek H, Vedsted P. Contacts to general practice in the 12 months preceding a diagnosis of an abdominal cancer: a national register-based cohort study. Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care, 2022. doi: 10.1080/02813432.2022.2057054
  60. Moullet M, Funston G, Mounce LTA, Abel GA, de Wit N, Walter FM, Zhou Y. Pre-diagnostic clinical features and blood tests in patients with colorectal cancer: a retrospective linked-data study. British Journal of General Practice 6 June 2022; BJGP.2021.0563. doi: 10.3399/BJGP.2021.0563
  61. Price S, Gibson N, Hamilton W, Bostock J, Shephard S. Diagnoses after newly-recorded abdominal pain in primary care: observational cohort study. British Journal of General Practice 20 April 2022; BJGP.2021.0709. DOI: 10.3399/BJGP.2021.0709
  62. Merriel SWD, Ball S, Bright CJ, Mak V, Gildea C, Paley L, Hyde C, Hamilton W, Elliss-Brookes L. (2022). A prospective evaluation of the fourth national Be Clear on Cancer ‘Blood in Pee’ campaign in England. European Journal of Cancer Care, 1– 11. doi: 10.1111/ecc.13606
  63. Giardina TD, Shahid U, Mushtaq U, Upadhyay DK, Marinez A, Singh H. Creating a Learning Health System for Improving Diagnostic Safety: Pragmatic Insights from US Health Care Organizations. J GEN INTERN MED (2022). doi: 10.1007/s11606-022-07554-w
  64. Jones OT, Matin RN, van der Schaar M, Prathivadi Bhayankaram K, Ranmuthu CKI, Islam MS, Behiyat D, Boscott R, Calanzani N, Emery J, Williams HC, Walter FM. Artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms for early detection of skin cancer in community and primary care settings: a systematic review. The Lancet Digital Health June 2022. doi: 10.1016/S2589-7500(22)00023-1
  65. Giardina TD, Choi DT, Upadhyay DK, Korukonda S, Scott TM, Spitzmueller C, Schuerch C, Torretti D, Singh H. Inviting patients to identify diagnostic concerns through structured evaluation of their online visit notes. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, Volume 29, Issue 6, June 2022, Pages 1091–1100. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocac036
  66. Martins T, Abel G, Ukoumunne OC, Mounce LTA, Price S, Lyratzopoulos G, Chinegwundoh F, Hamilton W. Ethnic inequalities in routes to diagnosis of cancer: A population-based UK cohort study. Br J Cancer (2022). doi: 10.1038/s41416-022-01847-x

    2021

  67. Lee A, Yang X, Tyrer J, Archer S, Walter FM, et al. Comprehensive epithelial tubo-ovarian cancer risk prediction model incorporating genetic and epidemiological risk factors. Journal of Medical Genetics, Nov 2021. doi: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2021-107904
  68. Koo MM, Swann R, McPhail S, Abel GA, Renzi C, Rubin GP, Lyratzopoulos G. Morbidity and measures of the diagnostic process in primary care for patients subsequently diagnosed with cancer. Family Practice. Nov 2021. doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmab139
  69. Harrison H, Usher-Smith JA, Li L, Roberts L, Lin Z, Thompson RE, Rossi SH, Stewart GD, Walter FM, Griffin S, Zhou Y. Risk prediction models for symptomatic patients with bladder and kidney cancer: a systematic review. British Journal of General Practice. 2021: doi:10.3399/BJGP.2021.0319
  70. Hall R, Medina-Lara A, Hamilton W, Spencer A. Correction to: Attributes Used for Cancer Screening Discrete Choice Experiments: A Systematic Review. Patient (2021). doi: 10.1007/s40271-021-00562-8
  71. Hall R, Medina-Lara A, Hamilton W, Spencer A. Attributes Used for Cancer Screening Discrete Choice Experiments: A Systematic Review. Patient (2021). doi: 10.1007/s40271-021-00559-3
  72. Erridge S, Lyratzopoulos G, Renzi C, Millar A, Lee R. Rapid Diagnostic Centres and early cancer diagnosis. British Journal of General Practice 2021; 71 (712): 487-488. doi: 10.3399/bjgp21X717413
  73. Cocco P, Messenger MP, Smith AF, West RM, Shinkins B. Integrating Early Economic Evaluation into Target Product Profile development for medical tests: advantages and potential applications. International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care. 2021;37(1):e68. doi: 10.1017/S0266462321000374
  74. Bradley SH. The ethics and politics of addressing health inequalities. Clinical Medicine 2021, 21 (2) 147-149; doi: 10.7861/clinmed.2020-0945
  75. Barlow M, Hamilton W, Ukoumunne O, Bailey S. (2021). The association between thrombocytosis and subtype of lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Translational Cancer Research, 10(3), 1249-1260. doi: 10.21037/tcr-20-3287
  76. Offman, J, Pesola, F, Fitzgerald, RC, Hamilton, W, Sasieni, P. Impact of Barrett oesophagus diagnoses and endoscopies on oesophageal cancer survival in the UK: A cohort study. Cancer Med. 2021; 00: 1– 12. doi: 10.1002/cam4.4484
  77. Zhou Y, Walter FM, Mounce L, Abel GA, Singh H, Hamilton W, Stewart GD, Lyratzopoulos G. Identifying opportunities for timely diagnosis of bladder and renal cancer via abnormal blood tests: a longitudinal linked data study. British Journal of General Practice. Dec 2021; doi: 10.3399/BJGP.2021.0282
  78. White B, Renzi C, Rafiq M, Abel GA, Jensen H, Lyratzopoulos G. Does changing healthcare use signal opportunities for earlier detection of cancer? A review of studies using information from electronic patient records. Cancer Epidemiology, 2021, 102072, ISSN 1877-7821, doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2021.102072.
  79. Wiering B, Lyratzopoulos G, Hamilton W, et al. Concordance with urgent referral guidelines in patients presenting with any of six ‘alarm’ features of possible cancer: a retrospective cohort study using linked primary care records. BMJ Quality & Safety. 04 October 2021. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2021-013425
  80. Zimolzak AJ, Shahid U, Giardina TD, Memon SA, Mushtaq U, Zubkoff L, Murphy DR, Bradford A, Singh H. Why Test Results Are Still Getting “Lost” to Follow-up: a Qualitative Study of Implementation Gaps. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2021. doi: 10.1007/s11606-021-06772-y
  81. Ward T, Medina-Lara A, Mujica-Mota RE, Spencer AE. Accounting for Heterogeneity in Resource Allocation Decisions: Methods and Practice in UK Cancer Technology Appraisals. Value Health, 2021; Jul;24(7):995-1008. doi: 10.1016/j.jval.2020.12.022.
  82. Saya S, McIntosh JG, Winship IM, Milton S, Clendenning M, Kyriakides M, Emery J, et al. Informed choice and attitudes regarding a genomic test to predict risk of colorectal cancer in general practice. Patient Education and Counseling, 2021. doi:10.1016/j.pec.2021.08.008
  83. Rubin G, Walter FM, Emery J, Hamilton W, Hoare Z, Howse J, Nixon C, Srivastava T, Thomas C, Ukoumunne OC, Usher-Smith JA, Whyte S, Neal RD. Electronic clinical decision support tool for assessing stomach symptoms in primary care (ECASS): a feasibility study. BMJ Open, 2021;11:e041795. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041795
  84. Price S, Abel GA, Hamilton W. Guideline interval: A new time interval in the diagnostic pathway for symptomatic cancer. Cancer Epidemiology, 2021; volume 73, 2021, 101969, ISSN 1877-7821. doi:10.1016/j.canep.2021.101969
  85. Nicholson, B.D., Oke, J.L., Aveyard, P. et al. Individual inflammatory marker abnormalities or inflammatory marker scores to identify primary care patients with unexpected weight loss for cancer investigation?. British Journal of Cancer, 2021;124, 1540–1542. doi:10.1038/s41416-021-01282-4
  86. Neal, R, Smith L. Urgent cancer referrals: how well are they working and can they be improved? British Journal of General Practice, 2021; 71 (710): 390-391. doi: 10.3399/bjgp21X716801
  87. Mwaka AD, Walter FM, Scott S, et al. Symptom appraisal, help-seeking and perceived barriers to healthcare seeking in Uganda: an exploratory study among women with potential symptoms of breast and cervical cancer. BMJ Open, 2021;11:e041365. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041365
  88. Moodley J, Harries J, Scott SE, Mwaka AD, Saji S, Walter FM. Exploring primary care level provider interpretation and management of potential breast and cervical cancer signs and symptoms in South Africa. ecancer, 2021;15 1298. doi:10.3332/ecancer.2021.1298
  89. Milton, S., McIntosh, J., Macrae, F. et al. An RCT of a decision aid to support informed choices about taking aspirin to prevent colorectal cancer and other chronic diseases: a study protocol for the SITA (Should I Take Aspirin?) trial. Trials, 2021; 22, 452. doi:10.1186/s13063-021-05365-8
  90. Milton, S., McIntosh, J., Boyd, L. et al. Commentary: Pivoting during a pandemic: developing a new recruitment model for a randomised controlled trial in response to COVID-19. Trials, 2021; 22, 605. doi:10.1186/s13063-021-05567-0
  91. Merriel SWD, Ingle SM, May MT, Martin RM. Retrospective cohort study evaluating clinical, biochemical and pharmacological prognostic factors for prostate cancer progression using primary care data. BMJ Open, 2021;11:e044420. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044420
  92. Martins T, Walter FM, Penfold C, Abel G, Hamilton W. Primary care use by men with symptoms of possible prostate cancer: A multi-method study with an ethnically diverse sample in London. European journal of cancer care, 2021. doi:10.1111/ecc.13482
  93. Mahajan P, Pai C, Cosby K, Mollen C, Shaw K, Chamberlain J, El-Kareh R, Ruddy R, Alpern E, Epstein H, Giardina T, Graber M, Medford-Davis L, Medlin R, Upadhyay D, Parker S, Singh H. Identifying trigger concepts to screen emergency department visits for diagnostic errors. Diagnosis, 2021;8(3): 340-346. doi:10.1515/dx-2020-0122
  94. Herbert A, Rafiq M, Pham TM, Renzi C, Abel GA, Price S, et al. Predictive values for different cancers and inflammatory bowel disease of 6 common abdominal symptoms among more than 1.9 million primary care patients in the UK: A cohort study. PLoS Med, 2021; 18(8): e1003708. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1003708
  95. Habgood E, McCormack C, Walter FM, Emery JD. Patients’ Experiences of Using Skin Self-monitoring Apps With People at Higher Risk of Melanoma: Qualitative Study. JMIR Dermatol 2021;4(2):e22583 doi: 10.2196/22583
  96. Funston G, Mounce LTA, Price S, Rous B, Crosbie EJ, Hamilton W, Walter FM.  CA125 test result, test-to-diagnosis interval, and stage in ovarian cancer at diagnosis: a retrospective cohort study using electronic health records. British Journal of General Practice, 2021; 71 (707): e465-e472. DOI: 10.3399/BJGP.2020.0859
  97. Funston G, Abel G, Crosbie EJ, Hamilton W, Walter FM. Could Ovarian Cancer Prediction Models Improve the Triage of Symptomatic Women in Primary Care? A Modelling Study Using Routinely Collected Data. Cancers, 2021. doi:10.3390/cancers13122886
  98. Disbeschl S, Surgey A, Roberts JL, Hendry A, Lewis R, Goulden N, Neal R, et al. Protocol for a feasibility study incorporating a randomised pilot trial with an embedded process evaluation and feasibility economic analysis of ThinkCancer!: a primary care intervention to expedite cancer diagnosis in Wales. Pilot and Feasibility Studies, 2021. doi:10.1186/s40814-021-00834-y
  99. Daniel M, Park S, Seifert CM, et al. Understanding diagnostic processes in emergency departments: a mixed methods case study protocol. BMJ Open, 2021. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044194
  100. Danckert B, Zalounina Falborg A, Christensen NL, Frederiksen H, Lyratzopoulos G, McPhail S, Ryg J, Vedsted P, Thomsen LA, Jensen H. Routes to diagnosis and the association with the prognosis in patients with cancer – A nationwide register-based cohort study in Denmark. Cancer Epidemiology, 2021. doi:10.1016/j.canep.2021.101983
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  119. Rajan, S, Baldwin, J, Giardina, T, Singh, H. Technology-Based Closed-Loop Tracking for Improving Communication and Follow-up of Pathology Results. Journal of Patient Safety, 2020. doi:10.1097/PTS.0000000000000759
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  121. Harries J, Scott SE, Walter FM, Mwaka AD, Moodley J. Women’s appraisal, interpretation and help-seeking for possible symptoms of breast and cervical cancer in South Africa: a qualitative study. BMC Women’s Health, 2020; 20: 251, doi: 10.1186/s12905-020-01120-4
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  123. Bradley SH, Hatton NLF, Aslam R, Bhartia B, Callister MEJ, Kennedy MPT, Mounce L, Shinkins B, Hamilton WT, Neal RD. Estimating lung cancer risk from chest x-ray and symptoms: a prospective cohort study. British Journal of General Practice, 2020, doi: 10.3399/bjgp20X713993
  124. Quiroga M, Shephard EA, Mounce LTA, Carney M, Hamilton WT, Price SJ. Quantifying the impact of pre-existing conditions on the stage of oesophagogastric cancer at diagnosis: a primary care cohort study using electronic medical records. Family Practice, 2020, doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmaa132
  125. Moodley J, Constant D, Mwaka AD, Scott SE, Walter FM. Anticipated help seeking behavior and barriers to seeking care for possible breast and cervical cancer symptoms in Uganda and South Africa. Ecancer, 2021, 15:1171, doi: 10.3332/ecancer.2021.1171
  126. Mills K, Paxton B, Walter FM, Griffin SJ, Sutton S, Usher-Smith JA. Incorporating a brief intervention for personalised cancer risk assessment to promote behaviour change into primary care: a multi-methods pilot study. BMC Public Health, 2021, 21:205, doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-10210-3
  127. Carver T, Hartley S, Lee A, Cunningham AP, Archer S, Babb de Villiers C, Roberts J, Ruston R, Walter FM, Tischkowitz M, Easton DF, Antoniou AC. CanRisk Tool – A web interface for the prediction of breast and ovarian cancer risk and the likelihood of carrying genetic pathogenic variants. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, 2021, doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-20-1319
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  134. Jones OT, Calanzani N, Saji S, Duffy SW, Emery J, Hamilton W, Singh H, de Wit NJ, Walter FM. Artificial Intelligence Techniques That May Be Applied to Primary Care Data to Facilitate Earlier Diagnosis of Cancer: Systematic Review. J Med Internet Res, 2021;23(3):e23483. doi: 10.2196/23483
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  136. Herbert A, Barclay ME, Koo MM, Rous B, Greenberg DC, Abel G, Lyratzopoulos G. Stage–specific incidence trends of renal cancers in the East of England, 1999–2016. Cancer Epidemiology, 2021, 71(A), doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2020.101883
  137. Bradley SH & Barclay ME. “Liquid biopsy” for cancer screening. British Medical Journal, 2021; 372:m4933, doi: 10.1136/bmj.m4933
  138. Koo MM, Unger-Saldana K, Mwaka AD, Corbex M, Ginsburg O, Walter FM, Calanzani N, Moodley J, Rubin GP, Lyratzopoulos G. Conceptual Framework to Guide Early Diagnosis Programs for Symptomatic Cancer as Part of Global Cancer Control. JCO Global Oncology, 2021 Jan: 7:35-45, doi: 10.1200/GO.20.00310
  139. Funston G, Hardy V, Abel, G, Crosbie EJ, Emery J, Hamilton W, Walter FM. Identifying Ovarian Cancer in Symptomatic Women: A Systematic Review of Clinical Tools. Cancers 2020, 12, 3686. doi: 10.3390/cancers12123686
  140. Zhou Y, Walter FM, Singh H, Hamilton W, Abel GA, Lyratzopoulos. Prolonged Diagnostic Intervals as Marker of Missed Diagnostic Opportunities in Bladder and Kidney Cancer Patients with Alarm Features: A Longitudinal Linked Data Study. Cancers, 2021, 13(1): 156, doi: 10.3390/cancers13010156
  141. Bailey SER, Abel GA, Atkins A, Byford R, Davies S-J, Mays J, McDonald TJ, Miller J, Neck C, Rennison J, Thomas P, Walter FM, Warren S, Hamilton W. Diagnostic performance of a faecal immunochemical test for patients with low-risk symptoms of colorectal cancer in primary care: an evaluation in the South West of England. British Journal of Cancer, 2021, doi: 10.1038/s41416-020-01221-9
  142. Arendse KD, Walter FM, Pilling M, Zhou Y, Hamilton W, Funston G. Time from presentation to pre-diagnostic chest X-ray in symptomatic lung cancer patients: a cohort study using electronic patient records. British Journal of General Practice, 2021, bjgp20X714077, doi: 10.3399/bjgp20X714077
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  144. Calanzani N, Druce PE, Snudden C, Milley KM, Boscott R, Behiyat D, Saji S, Martinez Gutierrez J, Oberoi J, Funston G, Messenger M, Emery J, Walter FM. Identifying Novel Biomarkers Ready for Evaluation in Low-Prevalence Populations for the Early Detection of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Systematic Review. Adv Ther (2020). doi: 10.1007/s12325-020-01571-z
  145. Merriel SWD, Hamilton W. Improving early cancer diagnosis in primary care. Prescriber, 2020, 31:9, 10-14, doi: 10.1002/psb.1862
  146. Bradley SH, Richards GC, Lloyd K, Wayant C, DeVito N, Rombey T, Gill P. Reducing bias and improving transparency in medical research: A critical overview of the problems, progress so far and suggested next steps. Journal of Royal Society of Medicine, 2020,113(11):433-443, doi:10.1177/0141076820956799
  147. Koo MM, Swann R, McPhail S, Abel GA, Renzi C, Rubin GP, Lyratzopoulos G. The prevalence of chronic conditions in patients diagnosed with one of 29 common and rarer cancers: A cross-sectional study using primary care data. Cancer Epidemiology, 2020, 69: 101845, doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2020.101845
  148. Clarke C, Hamilton W, Price S, Bailey SER. Association of non-malignant diseases with thrombocytosis: a prospective cohort study in general practice. British Journal of General Practice, 2020, 70(701): e852-e857, doi: 10.3399/bjgp20X713501
  149. Funston G, Hamilton W, Abel G, Crosbie EJ, Rous B, Walter FM (2020) The diagnostic performance of CA125 for the detection of ovarian and non-ovarian cancer in primary care: A population-based cohort study. PLoS Med 17(10): e1003295. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1003295
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  151. Koo MM, Lyratzopoulos G, Herbert A, Abel GA, Taylor RM, Barber JA, Gibson F, Whelan J, Fern LA. Association of Self-reported Presenting Symptoms With Timeliness of Help-Seeking Among Adolescents and Young Adults With Cancer in the BRIGHTLIGHT Study. JAMA Netw Open. 2020 Sep 1;3(9):e2015437. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.15437
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  154. Helsper CW, Campbell C, Emery J, Neal RD, Li L, Rubin G, van Weert H, Vedsted P, Walter FM, Weller D, Nekhlyudov L. Cancer has not gone away: A Primary Care perspective to support a balanced approach for timely cancer diagnosis during COVID-19. Euro J Cancer Care, 2020, e13290, doi: 10.1111/ecc.13290
  155. van Erp NF, Helsper CW, Slottje P, Brandenbarg D, Büchner FL, van Asselt KM,Muris J, Kortekaas MF, Peeters P, de Wit NJ. Time to diagnosis of symptomatic gastric and oesophageal cancer in the Netherlands: Where is the room for improvement? United European Gastroenterol J, 2020, 8(5): 607-620, doi: 10.1177/2050640620917804
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  157. Kaushal A, Waller J, von Wagner C, Kummer S, Whitaker K, Puri A, Lyratzopoulos G, Renzi C. The role of chronic conditions in influencing symptom attribution and anticipated help-seeking for potential lung cancer symptoms: a vignette-based study. BJGP Open, 2020, doi: 10.3399/bjgpopen20X101086
  158. Atkin C, Iqbal G, Planche T, Pratt G, Yong K, Wood J, Raynes K, Low E, Higgins H, Neal RD, Dunn J, Drayson MT, Bowcock S. Diagnostic pathways in multiple myeloma and their relationship to end organ damage: an analysis from the Tackling Early Morbidity and Mortality in Myeloma (TEAMM) trial. British Journal of Haematology, 2020, doi: 10.1111/bjh.17044
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  160. Fitzgerald RC, di Pietro M, O’Donovan M, Maroni R, Muldrew B, Debiram-Beecham I, Gehrung M, Offman J, Tripathi M, Smith SG, Aigret B, Walter FM, Rubin G, the BEST3 Trial Team, Sasieni P. Cytosponge-trefoil factor 3 versus usual care to identify Barrett’s oesophagus in a primary care setting: a multicentre, pragmatic, randomised controlled trial. The Lancet, 2020, 396(10247): 333-344, doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31099-0
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  163. Sud A, Torr B, Jones ME, Broggio J, Scott S, Loveday C, Garrett A, Gronthoud F, Nicol DL, Jhanji S, Boyce SA, Williams M, Riboli E, Muller DC, Kipps E, Larkin J, Navani N, Swanton C, Lyratzopoulos G, McFerran E, Lawler M, Houlston R, Turnbull C. Effect of delays in the 2-week-wait cancer referral pathway during the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer survival in the UK: a modelling study. The Lancet Oncology, 2020, 21(8): 1035-1044, doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30392-2
  164. Saya S, McIntosh J, Winship I, Clendenning M, Milton S, Oberoi J, Dowty J, Buchanan D, Jenkins M, Emery J. A genomic test for colorectal cancer risk: is this acceptable and feasible in primary care? Public Health Genomics, 2020, doi: 10.1159/000508963
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  166. Carney M, Quiroga M, Mounce L, Shephard E, Hamilton W, Price S. Effect of pre-existing conditions on bladder cancer stage at diagnosis: a cohort study using electronic primary care records in the UK. British Journal of General Practice, 2020; bjgp20X710921, doi: 10.3399/bjgp20X710921
  167. Chapman D, Poirier V, Vulkan D, Fitzgerald K, Rubin G, Hamilton W, Duffy SW. First results from five multidisciplinary diagnostic centre (MDC) projects for non-specific but concerning symptoms, possibly indicative of cancer. British Journal of Cancer, 2020, doi: 10.1038/s41416-020-0947-y
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  170. Gandhi TK, Singh H. Reducing the Risk of Diagnostic Error in the COVID-19 Era. Journal of Hospital Medicine, 2020 June;15(6): 363-366, doi: 10.12788/jhm.3461
  171. Sarma EA, Kobrin SC, Thompson MJ. A Proposal to Improve the Early Diagnosis of Symptomatic Cancers in the US. Cancer Prevention Research, 2020, doi: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-20-0115
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  175. van Melle M, Yep Manzano S, Wilson H, Hamilton W, Walter FM, Bailey SER. Faecal immunochemical test to triage patients with abdominal symptoms for suspected colorectal cancer in primary care: review of international use and guidelines. Family Practice, 2020. doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmaa043
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  178. Merriel SWD, Hardy V, Thompson M, Walter FM, Hamilton W. Patient-centered outcomes from multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and MRI-guided biopsy for prostate cancer: A systematic review. Journal of the American College of Radiology, 2020, 17(4): 486-495, doi: 10.1016/j.jacr.2019.08.031
  179. Lyratzopoulos G, Abel GA. Assessing patients at risk of symptomatic-but-as-yet-undiagnosed cancer in primary care using information from patient records. British Journal of Cancer, 2020 Jun;122(12):1729-1731. doi: 10.1038/s41416-020-0828-4
  180. Nicholson BD, Hamilton W, Koshiaris C, Oke JL, Hobbs R, Aveyard P. The association between unexpected weight loss and cancer diagnosis in primary care: a matched cohort analysis of 65,000 presentations. British Journal of Cancer, 2020, 122(12): 1848-1856, doi: 10.1038/s41416-020-0829-3
  181. Round T, Abel G. Seeing the wood and the trees: the impact of the healthcare system on variation in primary care referrals. BMJ Quality & Safety, 2020, 29:274-276, doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2019-010356
  182. Rafiq M, Hayward A, Warren-Gash C, Denaxas S, Gonzalez-Izquierdo A, Lyratzopoulos G, Thomas S. Allergic disease, corticosteroid use, and risk of Hodgkin lymphoma: A United Kingdom nationwide case-control study. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2020, 145(3): 868-876, doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.10.033
  183. Archer S, De Villiers CB, Scheibl F, Carver T, Hartley S, Lee A, Cunningham AP, Easton DF, McIntosh JG, Emery J, Tischkowitz M, Antoniou AC, Walter FM. Evaluating clinician acceptability of the prototype CanRisk tool for predicting risk of breast and ovarian cancer: A multi-methods study. PLoS ONE, 2020, 15(3): e0229999, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229999
  184. Walter FM, Pannebakker MP, Barclay ME, Mills K, Saunders CL, Murchie P, Corrie P, Hall P, Burrows N, Emery JD. Effect of a Skin Self-monitoring Smartphone Application on Time to Physician Consultation Among Patients With Possible Melanoma: A Phase 2 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Network Open, 2020, doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.0001
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  186. Habgood E, Walter FM, O’Hare E, McIntosh J, McCormack C, Emery JD. Using an electronic self-completion tool to identify patients at increased risk of melanoma in Australian primary care. Austalasian Journal of Dermatology, 2020, doi: 10.1111/ajd.13244
  187. Chowienczyk S, Price S, Hamilton W. Changes in the presenting symptoms of lung cancer from 2000–2017: a serial cross-sectional study of observational records in UK primary care. British Journal of General Practice, 2020, 79(692): 193-199, doi: 10.3399/bjgp20X708137
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  190. Jones OT, Ranmuthu CKI, Hall PN, Funston G, Walter F. Recognising Skin Cancer in Primary Care. Advances in Therapy, 2019, 37(1): 603-616, doi: 10.1007/s12325-019-01130-1
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  193. Funston G, Van Melle M, Ladegaard Baun M-L, Jensen H, Helsper C, Emery J, Crosbie EJ, Thompson M, Hamilton W, Walter F. Variation in the initial assessment and investigation for ovarian cancer in symptomatic women: a systematic review of international guidelines. BMC Cancer, 2019, 19:1028 doi:10.1186/s12885-019-6211-2
  194. Smith AF, Shinkins B, Hall PS, Hulme CT, Messenger MP. Towards a framework for outcome-based analytical performance specifications: a methodology review of indirect methods for evaluating the impact of measurement uncertainty on clinical outcomes. Clinical Chemistry, 2019 65(11): 1363-1374, doi: 10.1373/clinchem.2018.300954
  195. Herbert A, Winters S, McPhail S, Elliss-Brookes L, Lyratzopoulos G, Abel G. Population trends in emergency cancer diagnoses: The role of changing patient case-mix. Cancer Epidemiology, 63:101574, doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2019.101574
  196. Bradley SH, Abraham S, Callister M, Grice A, Hamilton W, Rodriguez Lopez R, Shinkin B, Neal R. Sensitivity of chest x-ray for detecting lung cancer in people presenting with symptoms: systematic review. British Journal of General Practice, 2019, 69(689): e827-e835, doi: 10.3399/bjgp19X706853
  197. Watson J, Mounce L, Bailey SER, Cooper SL, Hamilton W. Blood markers for cancer. British Medical Journal, 2019, 367:l5774, doi: 10.1136/bmj.l5774
  198. Zhou Y, van Melle M, Singh H, Hamilton W, Lyratzopoulos G, Walter FM. Quality of the Diagnostic Process in Patients Presenting with Symptoms Suggestive of Bladder or Kidney Cancer: A Systematic Review. British Medical Journal Open, 2019, 9(10): e029143, doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029143
  199. Murphy DR., Giardina TD, Satterly T, Sittig DF, Singh H. An Exploration of Barriers, Facilitators, and Suggestions for Improving Electronic Health Record Inbox-Related Usability. A Qualitative Analysis. JAMA Network Open, 2019, 2(10):e1912638, doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.12638
  200. Nicholson BD, Aveyard P, Hamilton W, Hobbs FDR. When should unexpected weight loss warrant further investigation to exclude cancer? British Medical Journal, 2019, 366:l5271, doi: 10.1136/bmj.l5271
  201. Koo MM, Rubin G, McPhail S, Lyratzopoulos G. Incidentally diagnosed cancer: population-based evidence on frequency, variation, and commonly preceding clinical scenarios. British Medical Journal Open, 2019, 9(9): e028362, doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028362
  202. Herbert A, Abel GA, Winters S, McPhail S, Elliss-Brookes L, Lyratzopoulos G. Cancer diagnoses after emergency GP referral or A&E attendance in England: Determinants and time trends in Routes to Diagnosis data, 2006–2015. British Journal of General Practice, 2019, bjgp19X705473, doi: 10.3399/bjgp19X705473
  203. Jones OT, Jurascheck LC, van Melle MA, Hickman S, Burrows NP, Hall PN, Emery J, Walter FM. Dermoscopy for melanoma detection and triage in primary care: a systematic review. British Medical Journal Open, 2019, 9:e027529, doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027529
  204. Elwenspoek MMC, Sheppard AL, McInnes MDF, Merriel SWD, Rowe EWJ, Bryant RJ, Donovan JL, Whiting P. Comparison of multiparametric magnet resonance imaging and targeted biopsy with systematic biopsy alone for the diagnosis of prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Network Open, 2019, 2(8):e198427, doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.8427
  205. Moodley J, Scott SE, Mwaka AD, Constant D, Githaiga JN, Stewart TS, Payne A, Cairncross L, Somdyala NIM, Walter FM. Development and validation of the African Women Awareness of CANcer (AWACAN) tool for breast and cervical cancer. PLoS ONE, 2019, 14(8):e0220545, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220545
  206. Renzi C, Kaushal A, Emery J, Hamilton W, Neal RD, Rachet B, Rubin G, Singh H, Walter FM, de Wit NJ, Lyratzopoulos G. Comorbid chronic diseases and cancer diagnosis: disease-specific effects and underlying mechanisms. Nature Reviews: Clinical Oncology, 2019, 16(12): 746-761, doi: 10.1038/s41571-019-0249-6
  207. Amelung D, Whitaker KL, Lennard D, Ogden M, Sheringham J, Zhou Y, Walter FM, Singh H, Vincent C, Black G. Influence of doctor-patient conversations on behaviours of patients presenting to primary care with new or persistent symptoms: a video observation study. British Medical Journal Quality & Safety, 2019, doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2019-009485
  208. Singh H, Khanna K, Spitzmueller C, Meyer AND. Recommendations for using the Revised Safer Dx Instrument to help measure and improve diagnostic safety. Diagnosis, 2019. pii: /j/dx.ahead-of-print/dx-2019-0012/dx-2019-0012.xml. doi: 10.1515/dx-2019-0012
  209. Walter FM, Thompson MJ, Wellwood I, Abel GA, Hamilton W, Johnson M, Lyratzopoulos G, Messenger MP, Neal RD, Rubin G, Singh H, Spencer A, Sutton S, Vedsted P, Emery JD. Evaluating diagnostic strategies for early detection of cancer: the CanTest framework. BMC Cancer, 2019, 19:586, doi: 10.1186/s12885-019-5746-6
  210. Watson J, Jones HE, Banks J, Whiting P, Salisbury C, Hamilton W. Use of multiple inflammatory marker tests in primary care: using Clinical Practice Research Datalink to evaluate accuracy. British Journal of General Practice, 2019, 69(684): e662-e669, doi: 10.3399/bjgp19X704309
  211. Watson J, Salisbury C, Whiting P, Banks J, Pyne Y, Hamilton W. Added value and cascade effects of inflammatory marker tests in UK primary care: a cohort study from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink. British Journal of General Practice, 2019, 69(684): e470-e478, doi: 10.3399/bjgp19X704321
  212. Pearson C, Fraser J, Peake M, Valori R, Poirier V, Coupland VH, Hiom S, McPhail S, Moffat J, Lyratzopoulos G, Shelton J. Establishing population-based surveillance of diagnostic timeliness using linked cancer registry and administrative data for patients with colorectal and lung cancer. Cancer Epidemiology, 2019, 61:111-118, doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2019.05.010
  213. Neal RD, Sun F, Emery JD, Callister ME. Lung Cancer. British Medical Journal, 2019, 365:I1725, doi: 10.1136/bmj.l1725
  214. Renzi C, Lyratzopoulos G, Hamilton W, Maringe C, Bernard R. Contrasting effects of comorbidities on emergency colon cancer diagnosis: a longitudinal data-linkage study in England. BMC Health Services Research, 2019; 19:311, doi: 10.1186/s12913-019-4075-4
  215. Baun ML, Jensen H, Falborg AZ, Heje HN, Petersen LK, Vedsted P. Ovarian cancer suspicion, urgent referral and time to diagnosis in Danish general practice: a population-based study. Family Practice, 2019, 36(6): 751-757, doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmz013
  216. Watson J, Salisbury C, Banks J, Whiting P, Hamilton W. Predictive value of inflammatory markers for cancer diagnosis in primary care: a prospective cohort study using electronic health records. British Journal of Cancer, 2019, 120:1045-1051, doi: 10.1038/s41416-019-0458-x
  217. Jones OT, Jurascheck LC, Utukuri M, Pannebakker MM, Emery J, Walter FM. Dermoscopy use in UK primary care: a survey of GPs with a special interest in dermatology. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, 2019, doi: 10.1111/jdv.15614
  218. Murphy DR, Satterly T, Rogith D, Sittig DF, Singh H. Barriers and facilitators impacting reliability of the electronic health record-facilitated total testing process. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 2019, 127: 102-108, doi: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2019.04.004
  219. Zhou Y, Funston G, Lyratzopoulos G, Walter FM. Improving the Timely Detection of Bladder and Kidney Cancer in Primary Care. Advances in Therapy, 2019, doi: 10.1007/s12325-019-00966-x
  220. Walter FM, Penfold C, Joannides A, Saji S, Johnson M, Watts C, Brodbelt A, Jenkinson MD, Price SJ, Hamilton W, Scott SE. Missed opportunities for diagnosing brain tumours in primary care: a qualitative study of patient experiences. British Journal of General Practice, 2019, bjgp19X701861. doi: 10.3399/bjgp19X701861
  221. Scott SE, Penfold C, Saji S, Curtis S, Watts C, Hamilton W, Joannides AJ, Walter FM. ‘It was nothing that you would think was anything’: Qualitative analysis of appraisal and help seeking preceding brain cancer diagnosis. PLoS ONE, 2019, 14:3, e02135, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213599, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213599
  222. Renzi C, Lyratzopoulos G, Hamilton W, Rachet B. Opportunities for reducing emergency diagnoses of colon cancer in women and men: a data-linkage study on pre-diagnostic symptomatic presentations and benign diagnoses. European Journal of Cancer Care, 2019. e13000. doi: 10.1111/ecc.13000
  223. van Erp NF, Helsper CW, Olyhoek SM, Janssen RRT, Winsveen A, Peeters PHM, de Wit NJ. Potential for reducing time to referral for colorectal cancer patients in primary care. Ann Fam Med, 2019, 17(5): 419-427, doi: 10.1370/afm.2446

    2018

  224. Mendonca SC, Abel GA, Gildea C, McPhail S, Peake MD, Rubin G, Singh H, Hamilton W, Walter FM, Roland MO, Lyratzopoulos G. Associations between general practice characteristics with use of urgent referrals for suspected cancer and endoscopies: a cross-sectional ecological study. Family Practice, 2018. doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmy118
  225. Bradley SH, Kennedy MPT, Neal RD. Recognising Lung Cancer in Primary Care. Advances in Therapy, 2018, 36 (1):19-30, doi: 10.1007/s12325-018-0843-5
  226. Herbert A, Abel GA, Winters S, McPhail S, Elliss-Brookes L, Lyratzopoulos G. Are inequalities in cancer diagnosis through emergency presentation narrowing, widening or remaining unchanged? Longitudinal analysis of English population-based data 2006-2013. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 2018. doi: 10.1136/jech-2017-210371
  227. Nicholson BD, Perera R, Thompson MJ. Editorials: The elusive diagnosis of cancer: Testing times. British Journal of General Practice, 2018, 68:676, 510-511, doi: 10.3399/bjgp18X699461
  228. Stanciu MA, Law R-J, Nafees S, Hendry M, Yeo ST, Hiscock J, Lewis R, Edwards RT, Williams NH, Brain K, Brocklehurst P, Carson-Stevens A, Dolwani S, Emery J, Hamilton W, Hoare Z, Lyratzopoulos G, Rubin G, Smits S, Vedsted P, Walter FM, Wilkinson C, Neal RD. Development of an intervention to expedite cancer diagnosis through primary care: Protocol. British Journal of General Practice Open, 2018, 2 (3): bjgpopen18X101595, doi: 10.3399/bjgpopen18X101595
  229. Lyratzopoulos G. Electronic patient records research to aid diagnostic reasoning for possible cancer in primary care. British Journal of General Practice, 2018; 68 (674): 408-409, doi: 10.3399/bjgp18X698585
  230. Maringe C, Rachet B, Lyratzopoulos G, Rubio FJ. Persistent inequalities in unplanned hospitalisation among colon cancer patients across critical phases of their care pathway, England, 2011–13. British Journal of Cancer, 2018, 119:5, 551-557, doi: 10.1038/s41416-018-0170-2
  231. Herbert A, Koo MM, Barclay ME, Greenberg DC, Abel GA, Levell NJ, Lyratzopoulos G. Stage-specific incidence trends of melanoma in an English region, 1996–2015: longitudinal analyses of population-based data. Melanoma Research, 2018. doi: 10.1097/CMR.0000000000000489
  232. Forster AS, Renzi C, Lyratzopoulos G. Diagnosing cancer in patients with ‘non-alarm’ symptoms: Learning from diagnostic care innovations in Denmark. Cancer Epidemiology, 2018; 54, 101-103, doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2018.03.011
  233. Salika T, Abel GA, Mendonca SC, von Wagner C, Renzi C, Herbert A, McPhail S, Lyratzopoulos G. Associations between diagnostic pathways and care experience in colorectal cancer: evidence from patient-reported data. Frontline Gastroenterology 2018;9:241-248, doi: 10.1136/flgastro-2017-100926
  234. Kwan JL, Singh H. General Internists in Pursuit of Diagnostic Excellence in Primary Care: a #ProudtobeGIM Thread That Unites Us All. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 33(4): 395-396, doi: 10.1007/s11606-018-4343-8
  235. Ozawa M, Brennan PM, Zienius K, Kurian KM, Hollingworth W, Weller D, Hamilton W, Grant R, Ben-Shlomo Y. Symptoms in primary care with time to diagnosis of brain tumours. Family Practice, 2018: 1-8, doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmx139
  236. Rubin G, Walter F, Emery J, and de Wit N. Reimagining the diagnostic pathway for gastro-intestinal cancer. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 2018; 15: 181-188, doi: 10.1038/nrgastro.2018.1
  237. Herbert A, Lyratzopoulos G., Whelan J., Taylor R.M., Barber J., Gibson F., Fern L.A. Diagnostic timeliness in adolescents and young adults with cancer: a cross-sectional analysis of the BRIGHTLIGHT cohort. The Lancet Child and Adolescent Health, 2018; 2(3): 180-190, doi: 10.1016/S2352-4642(18)30004-X